锦瑟
锦瑟无端五十弦
一弦一柱思华年
庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶
望帝春心托杜鹃
沧海月明珠有泪
蓝田日暖玉生烟
此情可待成追忆
只是当时已惘然
The ornate zither why has fifty strings?
Each string, each peg recalls a youthful prime.
At dawn, Zhuangzi dreams of a butterfly that flings
His soul away; Wangdi's heart in cuckoo's chime.
Moon pearls on sea, tears from mermaid's eyes abide,
Warm sun on fields, jade smoke in haze doth glide.
Such feeling may be remembered with a sigh,
But already lost in those bygone days gone by.
逐句注释
锦瑟无端五十弦
起句以锦瑟起兴，无端（无缘无故）五十弦，暗示诗人年近五十（或五十岁左右），感叹人生经历复杂，如瑟之弦多。
Opening with the zither as a metaphor, 'without reason' (wú duān) fifty strings suggests the poet nearing fifty, lamenting life's complexity mirrored by the many strings.
一弦一柱思华年
每一弦每一柱都让人追忆青春年华。柱指瑟上调弦的码子。此句直抒追忆之情。
Each string and peg recalls youthful prime, directly expressing nostalgia for lost youth.
庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶
用庄子梦蝶典故（《庄子·齐物论》），庄周梦化为蝴蝶，醒来不知梦与现实。晓梦短促，暗示人生如梦，迷离恍惚。
Allusion to Zhuangzi's butterfly dream (Zhuangzi, 'On Equality of Things'), blurring dream and reality. Morning dream brief, hinting life's illusory nature.
望帝春心托杜鹃
用望帝化为杜鹃的传说（古蜀国杜宇死后魂化杜鹃，啼血哀鸣）。春心指相思或对理想的追求，托杜鹃表现执着与哀愁。
Allusion to Emperor Wang turning into a cuckoo after death, crying blood. 'Spring heart' (longing) entrusted to the cuckoo, symbolizing persistent sorrow.
沧海月明珠有泪
传说海中有鲛人，泣泪成珠。月明指珠子在月光下晶莹如泪。此句营造凄美意境，暗示才华被弃或情感沉痛。
Legend of mermaids shedding tears that become pearls under moonlight. Creates a poignant scene, hinting at talent wasted or deep emotional pain.
蓝田日暖玉生烟
蓝田产玉，在暖日照耀下玉气升烟（但烟可望不可即）。比喻美好事物可遇不可求，或往事如烟消散。
Jade from Lantian glows with mist in warm sun—visible but intangible. Metaphor for elusive beauty or faded memories.
此情可待成追忆
这种情感如今只能成为追忆。可待：可以等待（反诘），意为岂待今日才追忆，暗示当时已有深刻感受。
Such feeling can only be recalled now. Rhetorical: 'could it wait'—implying the emotion was already intense at the time.
只是当时已惘然
然而在当年就已经迷惘失落。惘然：怅然若失，指当时已无法把握那份情感。全诗收束于无奈与怅惘。
But even then it was already lost in bewilderment. 'Wǎngrán' (dazed)—the emotion was elusive from the start, ending in regret.
今日赏析
《锦瑟》是李商隐晚年所作，具体背景多有争议，一般认为是追忆亡妻王氏或感叹人生坎坷。诗中密集使用典故与象征，表达了对逝去年华与爱情的深沉哀思，也蕴含对仕途失意的感慨。
Composed in Li Shangyin's later years, 'The Ornate Zither' is much debated. It is generally seen as a lament for his deceased wife Wang or a reflection on his thwarted life. The poem is dense with allusions and symbols, conveying deep sorrow for lost youth and love, as well as disappointment in official career.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。