江雪
千山鸟飞绝
万径人踪灭
孤舟蓑笠翁
独钓寒江雪
From hill to hill no bird in flight
From path to path no man in sight
A lonely fisherman afloat
Is fishing snow in lonely boat.
逐句注释
千山鸟飞绝
“千山”夸张手法，极言山之多；“鸟飞绝”意为天空中看不见一只飞鸟，运用映衬，以鸟飞之绝反衬雪天之寒寂。
“千山” (thousand hills) is an exaggeration to emphasize the vastness of mountains; “鸟飞绝” (no bird in flight) uses contrast to highlight the extreme cold and stillness of the snowy landscape.
万径人踪灭
“万径”与“千山”对仗，夸张手法；“人踪灭”指道路上不见行人足迹，进一步渲染荒凉寂静的氛围。
“万径” (ten thousand paths) parallels “千山” in a symmetrical exaggeration; “人踪灭” (no man in sight) intensifies the desolate and silent atmosphere.
孤舟蓑笠翁
“孤舟”点出唯一的事物，与前面万径千山形成强烈对比；“蓑笠翁”以简洁笔触勾画出渔翁形象，蓑衣斗笠暗示风雪寒江。
“孤舟” (lonely boat) stands as the sole object against the backdrop of countless mountains and paths, creating a stark contrast; “蓑笠翁” (old man in straw cloak and hat) sketches the fisherman image simply, with the rain cape and bamboo hat implying snow and cold river.
独钓寒江雪
“独钓”呼应“孤舟”，强调孤寂；“寒江雪”既是实写江雪，也是象征——雪中独钓，表现诗人高洁、孤傲、不屈的品格。
“独钓” (alone fishing) echoes “孤舟” and emphasizes solitude; “寒江雪” (cold river snow) is both a literal description and a symbol—fishing alone in snow embodies the poet’s lofty, proud, unyielding character.
今日赏析
此诗作于柳宗元被贬永州之后。永贞革新失败，诗人被贬为永州司马，政治失意，内心孤愤。诗中借寒江独钓的渔翁形象，寄托自己孤傲清高、不与世俗同流合污的情怀。
This poem was written after Liu Zongyuan was exiled to Yongzhou. After the failure of the Yongzhen Reform, the poet was demoted to be a Sima (a minor official) of Yongzhou, feeling politically frustrated and indignant. Through the image of an old fisherman fishing alone on a snowy river, he expressed his lofty and proud character, refusing to compromise with worldly conventions.
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