钱塘湖春行
孤山寺北贾亭西，
水面初平云脚低。
几处早莺争暖树，
谁家新燕啄春泥。
乱花渐欲迷人眼，
浅草才能没马蹄。
最爱湖东行不足，
绿杨阴里白沙堤。
West of Jia Pavilion, north of Gushan Temple, the journey begins,
The water just levels with the bank; low clouds hang as if floating near.
Several early orioles vie for trees warmed by the sun's rays,
From whose house do new swallows come with spring mud in their beaks to play?
A riot of flowers gradually dazzles the eyes as I roam,
The short grass barely covers the horses' hoofs—just enough to hide.
I love most the east of the lake, where I cannot bear to leave,
In the shade of green willows a white sand causeway I perceive.
逐句注释
孤山寺北贾亭西，
首句点明游览起点：孤山寺以北、贾公亭以西。孤山是西湖中的一座小山，贾亭为唐贞元年间贾全所建。此句以具体地名开启全诗，为下文写景铺陈。使用对仗工整的方位词，体现诗人出行路径。
The first line indicates the starting point of the journey: north of Gushan Temple and west of Jia Pavilion. Gushan is a small hill in West Lake, and Jia Pavilion was built by Jia Quan during the Zhenyuan period of Tang. This line uses specific place names to open the poem, setting the scene for the description below. The couplet employs symmetrical directional terms, showing the poet's travel route.
水面初平云脚低。
描写早春湖水刚与堤岸齐平，空中云层低垂。'云脚低'运用拟人化手法，描绘云朵贴近水面的景象。'初'字点明季节特征，暗示冰雪消融、春水初涨。
Describes the early spring lake water just level with the bank and low-hanging clouds. 'Clouds hang low' personifies the clouds, depicting them close to the water's surface. The word 'just' highlights the season’s characteristics, implying melting ice and rising spring water.
几处早莺争暖树，
'几处'和'早莺'点明早春时节，黄莺初至。'争暖树'以拟人手法写黄莺抢占向阳的树枝，表现春天的生机与活力。听觉与视觉交融，生动传神。
'Several' and 'early orioles' indicate early spring when orioles first arrive. 'Vie for warm trees' personifies the orioles scrambling for sunlit branches, expressing the vitality of spring. The blend of auditory and visual imagery is vivid and lively.
谁家新燕啄春泥。
用设问句式'谁家'增添趣味，'新燕'指春天刚归来的燕子。'啄春泥'描绘燕子衔泥筑巢的动作，寓动于静，暗示春意渐浓。此联以动衬静，与上一句形成工整对仗。
The rhetorical question 'whose house' adds interest. 'New swallows' refers to swallows just returning in spring. 'Pick spring mud' depicts the action of swallows gathering mud to build nests, implying the advancing spring. This couplet uses motion to enhance stillness, forming a neat parallel with the previous line.
乱花渐欲迷人眼，
'乱花'形容杂花盛开、品种繁多，'渐欲迷'写出花朵逐渐让人眼花缭乱的动态过程。'迷'字双关，既指视觉迷离，也暗含景色之美令人陶醉。
'Riotous flowers' describes a profusion of blooming flowers. 'Gradually dazzle' conveys the dynamic process of flowers overwhelming the eyes. 'Dazzle' is a pun—both visual blurring and the enchanting beauty that captivates the viewer.
浅草才能没马蹄。
'浅草'指初春刚长出的短草，'才能没马蹄'精确刻画草的高度刚好遮住马蹄。'才'字体现初春草长的微妙状态，与上句的'渐'相互呼应，展现春天循序渐进的变化。
'Short grass' refers to the newly grown grass of early spring. 'Barely covers the horses' hoofs' precisely depicts the grass height just enough to hide the hoofs. The word 'barely' captures the subtle state of grass growth, echoing 'gradually' in the previous line, showing the progressive change of spring.
最爱湖东行不足，
直抒胸臆，表达对西湖东畔景色的偏爱。'行不足'意为游赏不倦，反映诗人流连忘返的心情。这句是情感的高潮，为尾句蓄势。
Directly expresses the poet's preference for the east side of the lake. 'Cannot bear to leave' indicates tireless enjoyment, reflecting the poet's lingering fascination. This line is the emotional climax, building up to the final line.
绿杨阴里白沙堤。
收束全诗，点明最佳景点——绿杨掩映下的白沙堤（即今天的白堤）。'绿杨阴'与'白沙堤'色彩对比鲜明，营造出清新明丽的意境。此句以景结情，余韵悠长。
Concludes the poem, highlighting the finest scene—the white sand causeway shaded by green willows (now known as Bai Causeway). The color contrast between 'green willow shade' and 'white sand causeway' creates a fresh, bright artistic conception. This line ends with scenery, leaving a lingering aftertaste.
今日赏析
此诗作于唐穆宗长庆三年（823年）春天，白居易时任杭州刺史。诗人早春时节游览西湖，被初春的生机与美景所感染，即兴写下这首七言律诗。全诗紧扣'行'字，以移步换景的手法，从孤山、贾亭开始，一路描绘西湖早春的湖光山色，鸟语花香，最后以白沙堤的绿杨阴里收尾，表达了对西湖春色的无限喜爱和流连忘返之情。白居易在杭州期间还主持修筑了西湖堤坝，惠及百姓，此诗也折射出他当时闲适愉悦的心境。
This poem was written in spring 823 AD, during the reign of Emperor Muzong of Tang, when Bai Juyi served as the governor of Hangzhou. The poet visited West Lake in early spring and was inspired by the vitality and beauty of the season, spontaneously composing this seven-character regulated verse. The poem closely follows the word 'journey' (行), using a shifting perspective technique—starting from Gushan and Jia Pavilion, depicting the lake and mountains, birdsong and floral fragrance of early spring, and finally concluding with the white sand causeway under green willows. It expresses boundless love for West Lake's spring scenery and a reluctance to leave. During his tenure in Hangzhou, Bai Juyi also oversaw the construction of a lake causeway, benefiting the people. This poem reflects his leisurely and joyful state of mind at that time.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。