旅夜书怀
细草微风岸，
危樯独夜舟。
星垂平野阔，
月涌大江流。
名岂文章著，
官应老病休。
飘飘何所似，
天地一沙鸥。
By grassy bank the breeze blows light, a lonely mast at night.
My single boat stands tall and stark beneath the starry sky.
The vast plain spreads where stars hang low; the broad river flows by.
The moonbeams surge as waters roll their endless, restless might.
Can fame be won by verses fine? No use in seeking high.
An office should be left when old and ill, with no more fight.
So drifting, drifting, what am I like, this roaming wight?
A single gull between the earth and heaven, taking flight.
逐句注释
细草微风岸，
首句描绘岸边细草在微风中摇曳，奠定孤寂基调。“细草”与“危樯”形成对比，暗示诗人漂泊无依。
The first line paints the reeds trembling in the breeze by the shore, setting a lonely mood. 'Fine grass' contrasts with 'tall mast', implying the poet's rootless drifting.
危樯独夜舟。
“危樯”突出船桅高耸而孤危，“独夜舟”点明诗人独处夜泊，寂寞之情溢于言表。
'Tall mast' emphasizes the loneliness of the boat at night; 'single boat at night' directly states the poet's solitary sojourn, his desolation palpable.
星垂平野阔，
对仗工整，视野开阔。星星低垂，平野无垠，以壮景反衬诗人渺小孤独。
A perfectly balanced couplet: stars seem to hang low over the vast plain, magnifying the poet's insignificance and loneliness.
月涌大江流。
“涌”字炼词精妙，月光随波起伏，大江奔流，动感十足，衬托诗人内心不平静。
The character 'surge' is masterful: moonlight heaves with the waves as the river flows, full of motion, reflecting the poet's inner turmoil.
名岂文章著，
反问语气，诗人自嘲：声名岂是靠文章博得？含蓄表达怀才不遇之愤。
A rhetorical question: 'Can fame be achieved by writing alone?' The poet bitterly implies his unrecognized talent.
官应老病休。
“应”字带无奈，官职本当因年老多病而辞退，实则暗指被排挤。
The word 'should' carries resignation: one ought to resign when old and ill, but the poet hints he was forced out by political intrigue.
飘飘何所似，
自问自答的过渡句，以“飘飘”形容漂泊之态，引发下文比喻。
A self-questioning line that transitions into the final metaphor; 'drifting' captures the transient, aimless nature of his exile.
天地一沙鸥。
全诗点睛之笔。以沙鸥自喻，天地广阔而沙鸥孤小，寄寓诗人漂泊无依、孤独凄凉的身世之感。
The poet compares himself to a lone gull between heaven and earth—vast world, tiny bird. It encapsulates his sense of rootless wandering and desolation.
今日赏析
此诗作于唐代宗永泰元年（765年），杜甫辞去幕府职务，携家离开成都，乘舟东下，途经渝州、忠州时写下。时值安史之乱后，国势衰微，诗人年老多病，辗转漂泊，故借旅夜景物抒发内心孤愤与身世飘零之感。
Written in 765 AD (Tang Dynasty), Du Fu resigned from his military advisory post and left Chengdu with his family, sailing east. Passing through Yuzhou and Zhongzhou, he composed this poem. After the An Lushan Rebellion, the nation was in decline; the poet, old and ill, wandered aimlessly, using the night scene to vent his loneliness and frustration.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。