凉州词
葡萄美酒夜光杯
欲饮琵琶马上催
醉卧沙场君莫笑
古来征战几人回
With wine of grapes the cups of jade would glow at night
Drinking to pipa songs, we are summoned to fight
Don't laugh if we lay drunken on the battle ground
How many warriors ever came back safe and sound
逐句注释
葡萄美酒夜光杯
首句写边塞宴饮场景。'葡萄美酒'点出西域特色，'夜光杯'传说用白玉制成，夜间发光的酒杯，象征奢华与豪情。以物起兴，渲染欢快气氛。
The opening line depicts a feast: 'grape wine' indicates western frontier specialties, 'jade cups that glow at night' are legendary drinking vessels, suggesting luxury and festive mood.
欲饮琵琶马上催
将士正欲饮酒，琵琶声在马上响起，仿佛催促出征。'催'字一语双关，既指音乐急促，又暗示军令催促，紧张与豪迈并存。
As they are about to drink, the pipa on horseback sounds, as if urging departure. The word 'urge' (cuī) puns on both the swift music and military orders, blending excitement and tension.
醉卧沙场君莫笑
以劝酒口吻说：即使醉倒在沙场，也请莫笑。'醉卧'体现将士蔑视生死、洒脱豪放的性格，与常人眼中的悲惨形成反差。
Speaking in a toasting tone: do not laugh if we lie drunk on the battlefield. 'Drunk lying' shows the warriors' contempt for death and carefree spirit, contrasting with ordinary sorrow.
古来征战几人回
反问句，道出战争残酷：自古出征者少有生还。语气看似沉痛，实则更显豁达——明知九死一生，仍畅饮赴死，悲壮中见豪情。
The rhetorical question reveals war's cruelty: since ancient times, few return from battles. Despite the somber tone, it reflects magnanimity—knowing death is likely, they still drink and go, heroic in tragedy.
今日赏析
此诗为盛唐边塞诗代表作，约作于王翰任仙州别驾期间（713-741年）。当时唐王朝国力强盛，西域往来频繁，边塞生活既有苦寒也有豪宴。诗人借聚会饮酒的场面，刻画将士们视死如归的乐观精神，是唐代主战派精神的缩影。
This poem is a classic of High Tang frontier poetry, written during Wang Han's tenure as Adjutant of Xianzhou (713–741). The Tang Empire was powerful, with frequent contacts with the Western Regions; frontier life combined hardship with grand feasts. Through a drinking scene, the poet portrays warriors' optimistic, death-defying spirit, epitomizing the militant ethos of the era.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。