题乌江亭
胜败兵家事不期，
包羞忍耻是男儿。
江东子弟多才俊，
卷土重来未可知。
Victory or defeat in war no one can foresee;
To bear shame and endure disgrace—that is true manly spirit.
Jiangdong's young men are many, talented and bold;
Whether they could rise again—who can say?
逐句注释
胜败兵家事不期，
兵家：用兵作战之事。不期：不可预料。开篇以议论点题，指出战争胜负难以凭主观预料，为后文批评项羽不能忍辱负重作铺垫。
'Bingjia' refers to military affairs; 'bu qi' means cannot be foretold. The opening turns directly to argument, asserting that victory and defeat in war are unpredictable; this prepares for the later criticism of Xiang Yu's inability to endure humiliation.
包羞忍耻是男儿。
包羞忍耻：承受羞辱。男儿：真正的男子汉，有志气、有担当的人。此句以判断句提出诗人对“男儿”的标准：能屈能伸、忍辱负重。
'Bao xiu ren chi' means to bear shame and humiliation; 'nan'er' is a true man of courage and responsibility. The line defines the poet's ideal: a man should be able to bend and stretch, endure humiliation, and shoulder responsibility.
江东子弟多才俊，
江东：长江下游南岸地区，项羽起兵之地。子弟：子弟兵，指追随项羽的江东青年。才俊：才能出众的人。此句用历史事实说明项羽本有重整旗鼓的资本。
'Jiangdong' is the region south of the lower Yangtze, Xiang Yu's home base; 'zidi' are the young followers from there; 'caijun' means outstanding talents. The line uses historical fact to show that Xiang Yu still had the human resources to rebuild.
卷土重来未可知。
卷土重来：形容失败后重新组织力量再起。未可知：不能断定，含有假设与反问意味。诗人认为若项羽重返江东，未必不能东山再起，含蓄批评其乌江自刎。
'Juan tu chong lai' means to regroup and stage a comeback after defeat; 'wei ke zhi' means it cannot be determined, carrying a hypothetical and rhetorical force. The poet suggests that had Xiang Yu returned to Jiangdong, a revival might have been possible, implicitly criticizing his suicide at the Wu River.
今日赏析
杜牧行经乌江亭（今安徽和县东北乌江镇附近，相传为项羽自刎处），有感于项羽兵败垓下后拒绝渡江、自刎而死，写下这首咏史绝句。晚唐国势衰颓，诗人借古讽今，强调失败后应忍辱负重、待机再起，表现出政治家的眼光与豪杰气魄。
Du Mu passed Wujiang Pavilion, near present-day Wujiang Town in Anhui, traditionally associated with Xiang Yu's suicide, and was moved by Xiang Yu's refusal to cross the Yangtze after his defeat at Gaixia. The poem uses history to discuss resilience: instead of romanticizing suicide, Du Mu argues that a true hero should endure shame and wait for a chance to recover. In the declining late Tang, this also implied a critique of giving up in political adversity.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。