石头城
山围故国周遭在
潮打空城寂寞回
淮水东边旧时月
夜深还过女墙来
The changeless hills still gird the ancient capital around,
Waves beating on the empty town roll back with lonely sound.
The moon that shone upon the River Huai in days of yore
At dead of night still climbs the parapet and peers once more.
逐句注释
山围故国周遭在
群山依旧环绕着这座故都，城墙仍在。首句点出金陵为六朝古都，“故国”暗示昔日的繁华已成历史，“周遭在”写山峦依旧，衬托人事已非。
The mountains still encircle the ancient capital, indicating that while nature remains, the former splendor has passed. The word '故国' (ancient state) evokes the fallen dynasties.
潮打空城寂寞回
江潮拍打着空城，又寂寞地退回去。“空城”与“寂寞”将潮水拟人化，仿佛潮水也为这座废城感到孤寂，声景交融，渲染荒凉。
The personified tide beats against the empty city and returns in loneliness. The phrases 'empty city' and 'lonely' create a desolate mood, blending sound and sight.
淮水东边旧时月
淮水东边升起的仍是旧时的月亮。“旧时月”将古今联系起来，月亮是历史的见证，六朝兴衰尽在月光之下。
The moon rising east of the Huai River is the same 'old moon' that has witnessed history; it connects the past and the present, the rise and fall of six dynasties once cast in its light.
夜深还过女墙来
夜深之时，月光仍越过女墙照进城来。“还”字写月光如旧，而城中人事已非，含蓄表达出对历史变迁的深沉感慨。
Deep in the night, the moon still crosses the parapet. 'Still' emphasizes the moon's eternal course while the city's glory is gone, subtly conveying regret over historical change.
今日赏析
这首诗是刘禹锡《金陵五题》之一。刘禹锡于长庆四年（824年）调任和州刺史，途经金陵，凭吊六朝古都，有感而作。诗中以青山、潮水、明月的不变反衬六朝繁华的易逝，寄寓了深沉的历史兴亡之叹。
This poem is one of Liu Yuxi's 'Five Poems on Jinling'. In 824 (the fourth year of Changqing), when Liu Yuxi was transferred to Hezhou as governor, he passed by Jinling, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, and wrote these poems in remembrance. By contrasting eternal mountains, tides, and the moon with the vanished glory of the city, the poet expresses deep reflections on the rise and fall of dynasties.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。