与史郎中钦听黄鹤楼上吹笛
一为迁客去长沙，
西望长安不见家。
黄鹤楼中吹玉笛，
江城五月落梅花。
As an exiled official, to Changsha I was sent,
I gaze west toward Chang'an, where no home is meant.
From Yellow Crane Tower a jade flute blows,
In River City, May sees plum blossoms fall like snows.
逐句注释
一为迁客去长沙，
一为：一旦成为。迁客：被贬谪流放的人。去长沙：前往长沙。此处用西汉贾谊被贬长沙的典故，自比贾谊，暗写自己因永王李璘事获罪流放夜郎的遭遇。典故使个人的迁谪之悲具有历史厚度。
Yi wei: once; qian ke: an exiled official; qu Changsha: go to Changsha. The line alludes to Jia Yi of the Han dynasty, who was banished to Changsha after slander. Li Bai compares himself to Jia Yi, implicitly referring to his own exile to Yelang after the Yongwang Li Lin affair. The allusion lends historical depth to his personal grief.
西望长安不见家。
西望：向西眺望。长安：唐朝都城，既是政治中心，也代表故乡与朝廷。不见家：望不见家，也暗含对朝廷、君王的眷恋与回归无望的怅惘。'望'与'不见'形成强烈的动作与结果反差。
Xi wang: gaze westward. Chang'an: the Tang capital, representing both home and the imperial court. Bu jian jia: cannot see home; it also implies longing for the court and the sorrow of having no way back. The contrast between the action 'gaze' and the failure 'cannot see' creates strong pathos.
黄鹤楼中吹玉笛，
黄鹤楼：故址在今湖北武汉武昌蛇山，为江南名楼。玉笛：玉制的笛子，也可泛指精美的笛子。此句点明听笛的地点，以听觉意象引出下句。笛声在名楼中响起，更添苍茫怀古与迁谪之感。
Huanghe Lou: Yellow Crane Tower, located on Snake Hill in Wuchang (modern Wuhan, Hubei), a famous tower in the south. Yu di: a jade flute, or a finely made flute. The line establishes the place of hearing the flute and introduces the auditory imagery that leads into the next line. The flute sounding in the famous tower deepens the sense of historical vastness and exile.
江城五月落梅花。
江城：指长江边的武昌城。五月：农历五月，已是初夏。落梅花：既指笛曲《梅花落》，也指笛声仿佛吹落了梅花。五月本无梅花可落，故为虚实相生：乐曲《梅花落》的凄清旋律使人产生梅花纷落的幻觉，以通感与用典写内心寒意与乡愁。
Jiang cheng: the river city, Wuchang on the Yangtze. Wu yue: the fifth lunar month, early summer. Luo meihua: 'Plum Blossoms Fall,' both the title of a flute tune and the imagined falling of plum blossoms. Since plum blossoms do not fall in May, the line blends reality and illusion: the mournful tune 'Plum Blossoms Fall' evokes a hallucination of drifting petals, using allusion and synesthesia to convey inner coldness and homesickness.
今日赏析
此诗约作于唐肃宗乾元年间（758—759），李白因永王李璘事件获罪，被流放夜郎，途经武昌。他与友人史郎中钦同登黄鹤楼听笛，触景生情，写下此诗。诗中借贾谊贬长沙的典故自况，抒发迁谪之悲、去国怀乡之思；末句以笛曲《梅花落》入诗，将听觉化为视觉，意境凄清悠远。
This poem was likely written around 758–759, during the reign of Emperor Suzong, when Li Bai was exiled to Yelang because of his involvement in the affair of Prince Li Lin of Yong. Passing through Wuchang, he climbed Yellow Crane Tower with his friend Shi Qin, an official, and heard a flute, which moved him to write. The poem uses the story of Jia Yi banished to Changsha to lament his own exile and longing for the capital. The final line turns the flute tune 'Plum Blossoms Fall' into a visual image, making the music seem to scatter plum petals and creating a desolate, lingering mood.
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