行宫
寥落古行宫
宫花寂寞红
白头宫女在
闲坐说玄宗
Deserted lies the ancient palace hall,
Where lonely red flowers bloom and fall.
The white-haired palace maids still stay,
And talk of Xuanzong's bygone day.
逐句注释
寥落古行宫
“寥落”意为冷落、荒凉。行宫指皇帝出行时居住的宫室。此句点明地点与氛围，以“寥落”二字奠定全诗凄凉基调，昔日繁华与今日荒凉形成对比。
"Liaoluo" means desolate and deserted. "Xinggong" refers to an imperial palace used during the emperor's travels. This line sets the scene and atmosphere, using "desolate" to establish a melancholy tone, contrasting past glory with present ruin.
宫花寂寞红
“寂寞”运用拟人手法，赋予宫花以人的情感。红花依旧盛开，却无人欣赏，以乐景写哀情，反衬行宫的荒凉冷落。
"Jimo" (lonely) personifies the palace flowers, giving them human emotion. The red flowers still bloom, but no one appreciates them. This uses a pleasant scene to express sadness, contrasting the flowers' vitality with the palace's desolation.
白头宫女在
“白头宫女”指当年青春入宫、如今已白发的宫女。她们是历史的见证者。“在”字看似平淡，却蕴含无限沧桑，暗示她们被遗忘、幽闭一生的悲惨命运。
"White-haired palace maids" refers to the women who entered the palace young and are now old. They are witnesses to history. The word "remain" seems plain but contains profound vicissitudes, implying their tragic fate of being forgotten and confined for life.
闲坐说玄宗
“闲坐”表现宫女们百无聊赖的情态。“说玄宗”点明她们谈论的是唐玄宗，借宫女之口追忆开元盛世，含蓄表达对时代盛衰的感慨。以乐景写哀，以闲笔写悲，余味无穷。
"Sitting idly" shows the maids' boredom and listlessness. "Talking of Xuanzong" indicates they are discussing Emperor Xuanzong, using their conversation to recall the prosperous Kaiyuan era, subtly expressing lament over the rise and fall of the times. Using a leisurely scene to write sorrow, the ending leaves endless aftertaste.
今日赏析
元稹生活于中唐，唐王朝由盛转衰。此诗约作于元和年间，诗人途经一座荒废的行宫，见白头宫女闲坐追忆玄宗旧事，感慨盛世不再、人生易老，遂作此诗。全诗以简练笔触勾勒行宫荒凉景象，借宫女之口寄托历史沧桑之感。
Yuan Zhen lived in the mid-Tang dynasty, when the empire was declining from its peak. This poem was likely written during the Yuanhe period when the poet passed by a deserted imperial palace and saw white-haired maids sitting idly, recalling the old days of Emperor Xuanzong. Moved by the passing of prosperity and the fleeting nature of life, he wrote this poem. With concise strokes, it sketches the desolate scene of the palace and uses the maids' conversation to convey a sense of historical vicissitudes.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。