过华清宫绝句·其一
长安回望绣成堆
山顶千门次第开
一骑红尘妃子笑
无人知是荔枝来
From Chang'an, looking back, the hills are broidered fair,
A thousand palace gates on the peak open in the air,
A single rider's dust, the concubine's smile bright,
None knows that it is fresh lychees that come with flight.
逐句注释
长安回望绣成堆
回望长安，骊山华清宫一带的景色如锦绣堆砌。运用比喻，写出骊山风光的绚丽和华清宫的繁华。
Looking back at Chang'an, the scenery around Huaqing Palace on Mount Li appears like piled brocade. The metaphor describes the splendor of the landscape and the grandeur of the palace.
山顶千门次第开
山上华清宫的宫门一道接一道地依次打开。以“千门”极言宫殿之广，以“次第开”暗示驿使到来的紧急，为下文的“妃子笑”埋下伏笔。
The countless palace gates on the mountaintop open one after another. 'Thousand gates' exaggerates the vastness of the palace, while 'open in succession' hints at the urgency of the courier's arrival, setting up the concubine's smile below.
一骑红尘妃子笑
一名驿使骑马飞奔而来，扬起阵阵红尘，杨贵妃看到后嫣然一笑。句中对比鲜明：驿路辛苦与妃子一笑，暗含讽刺。
A lone courier gallops in, raising clouds of red dust, and Yang Guifei smiles. The sharp contrast between the courier's grueling ride and the concubine's casual smile carries implicit satire.
无人知是荔枝来
旁人谁也不知道这驿使千里而来只是为了运送荔枝。揭示事件真相，讽刺唐玄宗与杨贵妃为口腹之欲而劳民伤财，荒废朝政。
No one else knows that the courier has come from a thousand li only to deliver lychees. This reveals the truth and satirizes Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei for wasting resources and neglecting state affairs for the sake of a mere delicacy.
今日赏析
此诗是杜牧《过华清宫绝句》三首之一，取材于唐玄宗为博杨贵妃欢心，命人自岭南千里驰送荔枝的史实。杜牧身处晚唐，借古讽今，以华清宫为背景，含蓄而有力地讽刺了统治者的骄奢荒淫，寓意深远。
This is one of Du Mu's three poems titled 'Passing the Huaqing Palace', based on the historical event in which Emperor Xuanzong of Tang had lychees delivered from faraway Lingnan to please Yang Guifei. Writing in the late Tang, Du Mu uses the past to satirize the present, subtly but powerfully criticizing the extravagance and decadence of the ruling class.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。