春江花月夜
春江潮水连海平，海上明月共潮生。
滟滟随波千万里，何处春江无月明！
江流宛转绕芳甸，月照花林皆似霰。
空里流霜不觉飞，汀上白沙看不见。
江天一色无纤尘，皎皎空中孤月轮。
江畔何人初见月？江月何年初照人？
人生代代无穷已，江月年年望相似。
不知江月待何人，但见长江送流水。
白云一片去悠悠，青枫浦上不胜愁。
谁家今夜扁舟子？何处相思明月楼？
可怜楼上月徘徊，应照离人妆镜台。
玉户帘中卷不去，捣衣砧上拂还来。
此时相望不相闻，愿逐月华流照君。
鸿雁长飞光不度，鱼龙潜跃水成文。
昨夜闲潭梦落花，可怜春半不还家。
江水流春去欲尽，江潭落月复西斜。
斜月沉沉藏海雾，碣石潇湘无限路。
不知乘月几人归，落月摇情满江树。
The spring river tide reaches the sea, level and wide;
Along with the tide, the bright moon rises on the tide.
Its shimmering light follows the waves for miles and miles;
Where on the spring river is there no moonlight that smiles?
The river winds around the fragrant isles in its flow;
The moon shines on the flower woods like falling snow.
In the air, floating frost is unseen in its flight;
On the sandbar, white sand is lost to sight.
Sky and river merge in one hue, without a speck of dust;
Alone in the vast sky, the moon's wheel shines august.
Who by the riverside first saw the moon arise?
When did the river moon first shine on human eyes?
Generation after generation, life goes on and on;
The river moon year after year looks nearly the same one.
I know not for whom the river moon waits tonight;
I only see the long river send its water in flight.
A piece of white cloud drifts away so far and slow;
On Green Maple Shore, sorrow overflows.
Whose son tonight is in a small boat on the tide?
Where does longing stand in a moonlit tower, sighing inside?
How piteous the moon above the tower lingers and stays;
It should shine on the lonely one's dressing table always.
In the jade chamber, the curtain cannot roll it away;
On the washing stone, it returns though brushed away.
At this hour we gaze at each other but cannot hear;
I wish to follow the moonlight and shine on you, my dear.
The wild geese fly far, but moonlight cannot pass their flight;
The fish and dragons leap, making ripples in the night.
Last night I dreamed in a quiet pool that flowers fell;
Alas, spring is half gone, and I'm not home to tell.
The river carries spring away, nearly all is past;
The pool's fallen moon slants west at last.
The slanting moon sinks deep, hidden in sea mist gray;
From Jieshi to Xiaoxiang, the road stretches far away.
I know not how many will ride the moon home tonight;
The setting moon shakes my feelings, filling riverside trees with light.
逐句注释
春江潮水连海平，海上明月共潮生。
首联以“连”“平”写江海相接、春潮浩瀚；以“共潮生”将明月与潮水并置，赋予月以动态生命，为全诗总起。
The opening couplet uses 'connect' and 'level' to show the vast meeting of river and sea; the moon and tide rise together, personifying the moon and setting the poem's central image.
滟滟随波千万里，何处春江无月明！
“滟滟”叠词摹写波光闪烁；“千万里”夸张，写月光随波铺展之广。末句反问，强调月光普照。
'Yanyan' is a reduplicative word for shimmering waves; 'thousands of miles' is exaggeration for moonlight spreading far. The rhetorical question stresses the ubiquity of moonlight.
江流宛转绕芳甸，月照花林皆似霰。
“宛转”写江流曲折，“芳甸”写芬芳原野；后句以“霰”为喻，将月下花林比作雪珠，突出洁白晶莹。
The river winds around fragrant meadows; the second line uses a simile, comparing moonlit flower woods to granular snow, highlighting whiteness and sparkle.
空里流霜不觉飞，汀上白沙看不见。
以“流霜”喻月光，写月色弥漫似霜非霜；“不觉”“看不见”写视觉消融，表现月光之白之浓。
'Flowing frost' is a metaphor for moonlight, drifting imperceptibly; white sand disappears, showing how moonlight blurs visual distinctions.
江天一色无纤尘，皎皎空中孤月轮。
“一色”写江天融合，“无纤尘”写澄澈空明；“皎皎”叠词写月光明净，“孤月轮”既写月形也暗含孤独。
River and sky merge in one color without dust, a pure luminous realm; 'jiaojiao' describes brightness, while the lonely moon wheel suggests isolation.
江畔何人初见月？江月何年初照人？
两句对仗，由写景转入哲理追问，追问人类与月亮相遇的起点，时空浩渺，意境深远。
A parallel couplet turning from scenery to philosophical questions about who first saw the moon and when it first shone on humans, evoking vast time and space.
人生代代无穷已，江月年年望相似。
由问转答，写人类世代延续无穷，江月年年相似，以变与不变对照，寄寓生命短暂而宇宙永恒之思。“望相似”一作“只相似”。
The answer follows: human generations continue endlessly, while the river moon seems the same year after year, contrasting change and permanence, life's brevity and the cosmos's eternity.
不知江月待何人，但见长江送流水。
拟人写江月似有所待，却无人能答；“送”字写江水无情流逝，暗喻时光一去不返。
Personification: the moon seems to wait for someone, yet no answer comes; the Yangtze 'sends' flowing water away, symbolizing time's irreversible passage.
白云一片去悠悠，青枫浦上不胜愁。
以白云飘逝起兴，过渡到游子思妇；“悠悠”写遥远绵长。“青枫浦”用《楚辞》典故，暗指离别之地。
A white cloud drifts away, a transition to wanderer and longing; 'yoyo' suggests distance. Green Maple Shore alludes to parting places in Chu ci, and sorrow overflows.
谁家今夜扁舟子？何处相思明月楼？
两句对仗，一问游子，一问思妇；“扁舟”小舟暗示孤独，“明月楼”成为相思的空间意象。
A parallel couplet: one question about a wanderer in a small boat, another about a lovesick woman in a moonlit tower; the small boat suggests loneliness.
可怜楼上月徘徊，应照离人妆镜台。
拟人写月徘徊不去，似同情思妇；“应照”由月及人，月光照见离人的妆镜台，物是人非。
The moon lingers above the tower as if pitying her; 'should shine' turns from moon to person, falling on the absent one's dressing table, evoking separation.
玉户帘中卷不去，捣衣砧上拂还来。
写月光透过帘幕，卷之不去；拂去还来，重复动作写愁思缠绕。捣衣砧暗示思妇秋思。
In the jade chamber, moonlight cannot be rolled away with the curtain; on the washing stone it returns though brushed away, mirroring persistent longing.
此时相望不相闻，愿逐月华流照君。
两地同望月而不得相闻，写空间阻隔；愿随月光流照对方，想象奇妙，深情执着。
At this hour they gaze but cannot hear each other, separated by space; she wishes to follow moonlight and shine on him, a tender imaginative leap.
鸿雁长飞光不度，鱼龙潜跃水成文。
鸿雁善飞却带不走月光，鱼龙潜跃激起波纹；暗用鱼雁传书典故，写音信难通、相思难寄。
Wild geese fly far but cannot carry moonlight; fish and dragons leap, making ripples. Both allude to letters, suggesting messages cannot reach and longing cannot be sent.
昨夜闲潭梦落花，可怜春半不还家。
写梦境落花，春将逝去；“可怜”可叹，春半未归，暗喻青春流逝与游子思乡。
A dream of falling flowers by a quiet pool implies spring and youth fading; 'alas' laments that spring is half gone and the wanderer has not returned home.
江水流春去欲尽，江潭落月复西斜。
江水流走春光，春将尽；落月西斜，夜将尽。与开头月升呼应，写时间推移。
River water carries spring away; the moon over the pool slants west, echoing the moonrise and marking the passage of time.
斜月沉沉藏海雾，碣石潇湘无限路。
“沉沉”写月落沉重，“藏海雾”写月色被海雾吞没；“碣石”“潇湘”南北对举，写相隔遥远。
The slanting moon sinks heavily into sea mist; Jieshi and Xiaoxiang stand for far-apart places, emphasizing the distance between loved ones.
不知乘月几人归，落月摇情满江树。
问句收束，写月夜归人稀少，人生漂泊无常；“摇情”将月光、树影与情感交融，余韵不绝。
A closing question asks how many return riding the moonlight; the setting moon stirs feeling that fills riverside trees, leaving an open, lingering ending.
今日赏析
《春江花月夜》是乐府《清商曲辞·吴声歌曲》旧题，相传创自南朝陈后主。张若虚此篇约作于初唐，具体年代不详。诗人与贺知章、张旭、包融并称“吴中四士”。此诗以春江、春花、春月、春夜为背景，将宇宙之问、人生代代、游子思妇之情融为一体，洗净宫体诗的脂粉气，被后人誉为“孤篇盖全唐”。全诗以月升到月落为线索，展开时空与人生的哲思，情、景、理交织。
'Spring River in the Flower Moon Night' is an old yuefu title under Qing Shang song lyrics, said to originate with Chen Houzhu of the Southern Dynasties. Zhang Ruoxu, an early Tang poet and one of the 'Four Scholars of Wu zhong', composed this version; its exact date is unknown. The poem uses the spring river, flowers, moon, and night as its setting, weaving cosmic questions, generational continuity, and the longing of wanderers and their wives into one whole. It purifies the ornate palace-style poetry and was later praised as 'one poem overshadowing all the Tang.' From moonrise to moonset, the moon serves as a unifying thread for reflections on time, space, and human life.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。