关山月
明月出天山
苍茫云海间
长风几万里
吹度玉门关
汉下白登道
胡窥青海湾
由来征战地
不见有人还
戍客望边色
思归多苦颜
高楼当此夜
叹息未应闲
The bright moon rises from Tianshan's height,
Amidst the clouds that float in flight.
The long wind blows for thousands of miles,
Across the Jade Gate Pass, it sighs and piles.
The Han troops marched to Baideng's road,
The nomads watched the Qinghai abode.
Since ancient times, this land of war,
Has seen no one return, near or far.
The border guards gaze at the desolate scene,
Their faces show longing, weary and lean.
In high towers, on this very night,
Sighs never cease, in the moonlight.
逐句注释
明月出天山
天山：指祁连山。此句写明月从天山升起，以壮阔的边塞景象开篇。
Tianshan: Qilian Mountains. This line describes the bright moon rising from the Tianshan Mountains, opening with a majestic frontier scene.
苍茫云海间
苍茫：辽阔无边。云海：如海的云层。此句承接上句，描绘月亮在云海中穿行的苍茫景象。
Cangmang: vast and boundless. Yunhai: sea of clouds. This line continues the previous one, depicting the moon moving through a vast sea of clouds.
长风几万里
长风：远风。几万里：极言其远。此句写长风浩荡，横跨万里，展现边塞的辽阔。
Changfeng: distant wind. Ji wan li: thousands of miles, emphasizing distance. This line describes the mighty wind blowing across thousands of miles, showing the vastness of the frontier.
吹度玉门关
玉门关：古代边关名，在今甘肃敦煌西北。此句写风过玉门关，既点明边塞地点，又暗含戍边之苦。
Yumen Pass: ancient frontier pass. The line describes the wind passing the Jade Gate Pass, indicating the frontier location and implying the hardship of guarding the border.
汉下白登道
汉：借指唐朝。白登：白登山，汉高祖曾被匈奴围困于此。此句用典，写历史上中原军队出征边塞。
Han: refers to Tang. Baideng: Baideng Mountain, where Han Gaozu was besieged. This line uses an allusion to describe Chinese troops marching to the frontier.
胡窥青海湾
胡：指北方少数民族。窥：窥伺。青海湾：青海湖一带，唐蕃交战之地。此句写外族觊觎边疆，战争频发。
Hu: northern minorities. Kui: spy. Qinghai Bay: area around Qinghai Lake, a battleground between Tang and Tibet. This line describes foreign tribes coveting the frontier and frequent wars.
由来征战地
由来：自古以来。征战地：打仗的地方。此句感慨征战之地自古以来就是残酷的战场。
Youlai: since ancient times. Zhengzhan di: battlefield. This line laments that the battlefield has been a cruel place since ancient times.
不见有人还
还：生还。此句写征战之地很少有人能活着回来，揭示战争的残酷。
Huan: return alive. This line says few return alive from battlefields, revealing the cruelty of war.
戍客望边色
戍客：戍边士兵。边色：边塞景色。此句写士兵望着荒凉的边塞，心生感慨。
Shuke: frontier guards. Bianse: frontier scenery. This line describes soldiers gazing at the desolate frontier, feeling emotional.
思归多苦颜
思归：思念家乡。苦颜：愁苦的面容。此句写士兵因思乡而面容愁苦。
Siguī: longing for home. Kuyan: sorrowful face. This line describes soldiers' faces showing sorrow due to homesickness.
高楼当此夜
高楼：指将士家中的高楼，代指思妇。当此夜：在这明月之夜。此句从对面落笔，写家中妻子也在望月思念。
Gaolou: high tower, referring to wives at home. Dang ci ye: on this moonlit night. This line shifts perspective to the wives at home, also gazing at the moon and missing their husbands.
叹息未应闲
未应闲：应该没有停止。此句写思妇的叹息声在月夜中不断，深化了思乡怀人的主题。
Wei ying xian: should not have stopped. This line describes the wives' sighs continuing through the moonlit night, deepening the theme of longing.
今日赏析
《关山月》是唐代伟大诗人李白借乐府旧题创作的一首边塞诗。此诗写远离家乡的戍边将士与家中妻室的相互思念之情，深刻地反映了战争带给广大民众的痛苦。开元后期至天宝年间，唐王朝与吐蕃、突厥等少数民族政权在西北边境屡有战事，李白游历边塞，有感而发。诗中以天山、玉门关、白登、青海等边塞地名，勾勒出辽阔苍凉的边塞图景，并借历史典故暗示战争的频繁与残酷，最后从戍客与思妇两面着笔，深化了思乡怀人的主题。
"Guan Shan Yue" (The Moon over the Mountain Pass) is a frontier poem written by Li Bai, the great Tang poet, using an old yuefu title. The poem depicts the mutual longing between frontier soldiers far from home and their wives, deeply reflecting the suffering brought by war to the common people. During the late Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods, the Tang Dynasty had frequent military conflicts with Tibetan, Turkic, and other minority regimes on the northwestern border. Li Bai traveled to the frontier and wrote this poem inspired by what he saw. The poem uses frontier place names such as Tianshan, Yumen Pass, Baideng, and Qinghai to outline a vast and desolate frontier scene, and uses historical allusions to hint at the frequency and cruelty of wars. Finally, it writes from both the perspectives of the frontier guards and their wives, deepening the theme of homesickness and longing.
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