登金陵凤凰台
凤凰台上凤凰游
凤去台空江自流
吴宫花草埋幽径
晋代衣冠成古丘
三山半落青天外
二水中分白鹭洲
总为浮云能蔽日
长安不见使人愁
On Phoenix Terrace phoenixes once in splendor flew,
The birds are gone, the terrace still, the river rolls through.
Wu Palace flowers and grasses in dark pathways sigh,
Jin Dynasty's courtiers in ancient mounds lie.
Three far-off peaks half vanish beyond the blue skies,
Two river streams divide the islet where egrets rise.
But floating clouds may veil the sun's radiant brow—
I cannot see Chang'an, and it's sorrowful now.
逐句注释
凤凰台上凤凰游
起句以凤凰传说起兴。相传南朝刘宋时有三只凤凰飞集金陵山上，后人筑台纪念。凤凰象征祥瑞与盛世，凤凰来游暗示金陵昔日的繁华。
The opening line uses the phoenix legend as a poetic incitement. It is said that during the Liu Song dynasty, three phoenixes gathered on the mountain at Jinling, and a terrace was built to commemorate them. The phoenix symbolizes good fortune and prosperity, and its visit implies the past glory of Jinling.
凤去台空江自流
凤凰飞去，台榭空寂，只有长江依旧流淌。“自”字对比自然的永恒与人间变迁的无常，暗含繁华易逝、世事难留之慨。
The phoenix has flown away, the terrace is deserted, and only the Yangtze River still flows on by itself. The word 'still' contrasts nature's eternity with the transience of human affairs, suggesting that glory easily fades and nothing lasts.
吴宫花草埋幽径
此处化用金陵历史，三国吴国的宫殿早已荒废，当年的奇花异草如今湮没在幽僻的小路之中，写盛衰兴亡之变。
This line alludes to the history of Jinling: the palaces of the Wu Kingdom have long been ruined, and the once-famous flowers and plants are now buried beneath obscure paths, symbolizing the rise and fall of dynasties.
晋代衣冠成古丘
“衣冠”代指东晋的豪门名士；“成古丘”指他们已化为荒坟。这句与上句对仗，以东晋人物风流也终归尘土，进一步渲染历史沧桑。
'Robes and caps' is a metonymy for the noble scholars of the Eastern Jin dynasty, and 'become ancient mounds' means they have turned into lonely tombs. This line parallels the previous one, using the Jin dynasty's elegant figures to reinforce the theme of historical change and decay.
三山半落青天外
写金陵城外远望之景，三座山峰高耸入云，一半仿佛落入青天之外。运用夸张手法，展现山水壮阔、气象雄浑。
This line describes a distant view outside Jinling: three peaks rise so high that half of them seem to fall beyond the azure sky. The hyperbole creates a vast and majestic landscape.
二水中分白鹭洲
秦淮河两支水流在白鹭洲前分开，“中分”二字写水流被洲渚隔开之势，画面灵动，白鹭洲亦为金陵名胜。上句写山，此句写水，境界开阔。
The two branches of the Qinhuai River are divided by White Egret Islet. The word 'divide' vividly captures the current being split by the islet. The previous line describes mountains, and this line describes water, together broadening the poem's spatial scope.
总为浮云能蔽日
“浮云”比喻朝廷中的奸佞小人，“日”比喻皇帝。这句以浮云蔽日为喻，指斥小人蒙蔽圣听，是诗人对国家政事的忧虑。
'Floating clouds' metaphorically represent treacherous court officials, and 'the sun' represents the emperor. This line uses the image of clouds obscuring the sun to criticize those who deceive the ruler, expressing the poet's concern for state affairs.
长安不见使人愁
长安代指朝廷、君主。望而不得见，暗含诗人被排挤出京、报国无门的悲愤。全诗以“愁”收束，将怀古之思与现实之忧融为一体。
'Chang'an' stands metonymically for the imperial court and the sovereign. Not being able to see it implies the poet's grief at being driven away from court and unable to serve his country. The poem ends with 'sorrow', blending nostalgia for the past with real political frustration.
今日赏析
《登金陵凤凰台》约作于李白遭谗离京、漫游金陵时期。传说李白登上黄鹤楼时本想题诗，但见到崔颢的《黄鹤楼》后感叹‘眼前有景道不得，崔颢题诗在上头’，于是他到金陵后模仿《黄鹤楼》的格调写下此诗，抒发怀古伤时、忧国怀君却不得志的深沉感慨。
This poem was written when Li Bai was traveling in Jinling after being forced to leave Chang'an due to slander. Legend has it that when Li Bai visited Yellow Crane Tower, he wanted to write a poem but withdrew after seeing Cui Hao's masterpiece. He later composed this poem at Phoenix Terrace in Jinling, following the style of 'On Yellow Crane Tower', to express his nostalgia for the past, his concern for the court, and his frustration at being unable to realize his ideals.
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