秋登兰山寄张五
北山白云里，隐者自怡悦。
相望始登高，心随雁飞灭。
愁因薄暮起，兴是清秋发。
时见归村人，沙行渡头歇。
天边树若荠，江畔洲如月。
何当载酒来，共醉重阳节。
In northern hills amid white clouds' haze, the hermit tastes his joy in quiet ways.
Longing to see you, I climb high; my heart flies with wild geese across the sky.
Dusk brings a rising melancholy mood; clear autumn stirs my poetic gratitude.
Now and then villagers come home in view, resting at the ferry their sandy paths led through.
Trees at the sky's edge seem as small as shepherd's purse; the river islet gleams moon-like in its course.
When will you come with wine, my friend so dear, to drink with me on Double Ninth this year?
逐句注释
北山白云里，隐者自怡悦。
北山：指兰山（一作万山），在今湖北襄阳附近。隐者：隐居之人，诗人自指，也可兼指友人张五。白云里：化用山中白云的隐逸意象，表现远离尘俗。怡悦：自得而愉悦。
Northern Mountain refers to Lan Mountain (also called Wan Mountain) near Xiangyang. 'Hermit' is the recluse—the poet himself and possibly his friend Zhang Wu. White clouds evoke the reclusive tradition; the line sets a serene, unworldly tone of self-sufficient joy.
相望始登高，心随雁飞灭。
相望：遥望友人所在之处。始登高：为了远望而登高。雁飞灭：雁影飞远而消失。以雁写思念，心随雁去，情景交融。
Gazing toward a distant friend, the poet climbs high. His heart follows the wild geese until they vanish. The disappearing geese objectify longing and distance, blending emotion with landscape.
愁因薄暮起，兴是清秋发。
薄暮：傍晚。兴：诗兴、游兴。清秋：清爽的秋日。愁与兴对照：暮色引发愁思，秋气激发诗兴，写出景物与心境的相互感应。
Dusk gives rise to melancholy, while clear autumn stirs poetic inspiration. The contrast between sorrow and inspiration shows how changing light and season act upon the mind.
时见归村人，沙行渡头歇。
时见：不时看见。归村人：回村的农人。沙行：在沙路上行走。渡头歇：在渡口休息。以寻常乡村晚景写闲适，也反衬诗人对友人的期待。
From time to time he sees villagers returning home, walking sandy paths and resting at the ferry. These ordinary rural details create a calm evening scene and subtly contrast with the poet's waiting for a friend.
天边树若荠，沙畔洲如月。
荠：荠菜，这里形容远树极小。洲：江中沙洲。以比喻写远景：天边树木小如荠菜，江畔沙洲圆如明月。视角高远，观察细腻，境界开阔。
Shepherd's purse is a tiny plant, used here to describe distant trees appearing minute. The river islet is round like the moon. These similes emphasize height, distance, and the broad perspective of the climb.
何当载酒来，共醉重阳节。
何当：何时能够。载酒：携酒。重阳节：农历九月初九，古人有登高、饮酒、赏菊的习俗。以期待友人携酒共醉作结，回应登高寄友的主题。
'When can we...' expresses hopeful longing. Carrying wine and becoming drunk together on the Double Ninth Festival alludes to the custom of climbing high and drinking with friends. The ending returns to the poem's occasion: climbing high and sending thoughts to a friend.
今日赏析
此诗约作于孟浩然隐居襄阳时期。兰山（一作万山）在襄阳附近，诗人秋日登高望远，怀念友人张五（其名不详），写下隐居自得、登高所见与思念友人交织的情怀。重阳登高、饮酒的习俗也自然融入结尾的期待之中。
This poem was probably written while Meng Haoran was living as a recluse near Xiangyang. Lan Mountain (also called Wan Mountain) lies nearby. On an autumn day the poet climbs high, looks into the distance, and thinks of his friend Zhang Wu. The poem blends the pleasures of reclusion, the wide autumn landscape, and longing for a friend; the closing wish to drink together on the Double Ninth Festival draws on the custom of climbing high and gathering with friends.
每日唐诗精选唐代经典作品，提供原文、英文翻译、逐句注释与赏析，适合古诗词学习、双语阅读和日常诗意积累。